References with information relating to the VideoCrypt pay-TV system
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Markus Kuhn -- 1995-02-18


A book (known as the 'Black Book 4') with some of information about
Videocrypt and other pay-TV systems is available from:

  Swift Television Publications, 17 Pittsfield, Crickdale, Swindon, Wilts,
  UK.  Tel +44 793 750620, Fax +44 793 752399:

  "European Scrambling Systems 4"
  by John McCormac  (32pounds + postage)  ISBN 1-873556-03-9.  
  Waterford University Press, Ireland, voice/fax: +353-51-73640.

John McCormac , the author of the above book
also operates a bulletin board system, but you have to pay for access:

  phone: +353 5150143

Reference about the Fiat-Shamir identification/signature system used
in the protocol:

  Amos Fiat and Adi Shamir, "How to prove yourself: Practical solutions to
  identification and signature problems", in Advances in Cryptology --
  CRYPTO '86, A.M. Odlyzko (editor), Springer-Verlag, 1987

The following Internet servers provide collected information about
Videocrypt:

- ftp protocol: ftp.uni-erlangen.de, login: anonymous,
  pub/pictures/video/videocrypt/,
  contact: [email protected]

- ftp protocol: utelscin.el.utwente.nl, login: anonymous,
  upload/vcrypt/.

- FSP protocol (NOT ftp!): 129.241.201.10, port 1994,
  contact: [email protected]

The following BBS contains also some interesting related files:

  ALTMARK-BBS, +49 3935 213550

USENET discussions about technical details of Videocrypt take place
in alt.satellite.tv.europe. A close mailing-list tv-crypt exists
for more technical and advanced topics of pay-TV security. Subscription
to tv-crypt is only by invitation in order to keep the technical level
of discussion high.

Some publications about Videocrypt are:

        1) Jonathan Hashkes and Michael Cohen, "Managing Smart Cards for Pay
           Television, The VideoCrypt Approach", News Datacom, Jerusalem,
           Israel.
           Seminar on Conditional Access for Audiovisual Services, Rennes,
           France, 12-14 June 1990 (ACSA `90).

        2) Michel Leduc, "Systeme de Television a Peage a Controle d'Acces
           Pleinement Detachable. Un Example d'Implementation: VideoCrypt",
           Thomson Lerea, Illkirch, France.
           Seminar on Conditional Access for Audiovisual Services, Rennes,
           France, 12-14 June 1990 (ACSA `90).

        3) Patrice Peyret, Gilles Lisimaque, T.Y. Chua, " Smart Cards Provide
           Very High Security and Flexibility in Subscribers Management",
           Gemplus Card International Corp., Rockville, USA.
           IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, vol. 36, No. 3,
           pp. 744-752, August 1990.

        4) G. Morgan, "Smart Cards for Subscription Television: VideoCrypt
           - a Secure Solution", News Datacom, London, UK.
           Smart Card `91 International Exhibition, London, UK, 12-14 Feb.
           1991 (Peterborough, UK: Agestream Ltd. 1991), 8pp.

        5) European Patent EP 0 428 252 A2: A system for controlling
           access to broadcast transmissions.

        6) International Standard ISO 7816: Identification cards --
           Integrated circuit cards with contacts, Geneva, 1988.

This list was compiled by Markus Kuhn 
and valuable information was contributed by

  Mike Pringle 
  Rolf Michelsen 
  B. Markus Jakobsson 

and other whose names I've forgotten to notate or who don't want to be
mentioned. Further contributions are very welcome!